Designing a Dream Model of Academic Staff with a Grounded Theory Approach

Document Type : علمی - پژوهشی

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student in Business Management, Department of Business Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Professor, Department of Business Management, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

3 Ph.D. Student in Business Management, Faculty of Humanities, Ghods City Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

4 Ph.D. Candidate in Industrial Management, Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Economics, Management and Accounting, Yazd University, Iran

5 Ph.D. Student in Public Administration, Faculty of Management, North Tehran Azad University, Iran

Abstract

Aim: The mental confusion and cognitive indecision of the staff in the university will cause mental confusion and negative consequences in individual and organizational dimensions. However, using the imagination and mental creativity of employees, which is known as a dream, can be used as a psychological tool for managers, so the purpose of this study was to design a model of employees' dream power in organizations. Method: The method of this research is applied in terms of purpose, with a qualitative-exploratory approach and in terms of implementation using data-based technique. The tools used were semi-structured interviews with experts in this field, including professors of career counseling and organizational behavior and administrative managers of ShahidBeheshti University, whose number was selected using targeted snowball sampling based on the principle of saturation, 12 people. Findings: The results showed that a total of 40 categories and 364 statistical codes were set in the form of five causal categories, contexts, interventions, strategies and consequences. Conclusion: The results showed that the drawn model of employees' dream power can relatively lead to leaps in organizational creativity and innovation and overcome the crisis of burnout and inertia of the organization and managers can use this technique to train employees with high motivation. Pursue the competencies and goals of the organization beyond those mentioned.

Keywords

References

Albrecht, S. L., Bocks, A., Dalton, J., Lorigan, A., & Smith, A. (2022). Pro-Environmental Employee Engagement: The Influence of Pro-Environmental Organizational, Job and Personal Resources. Sustainability, 14(1), 43.                
Aliza, K., Shaheen, S., Malik, M. J., Zulfiqar, S., Batool, S. A., Ahmad-ur-Rehman, M., & Javed, A. (2021). Linking ostracism with employee negligence behavior: a moderated mediation model. The Service Industries Journal, 1-25.      
Aljuboori, Z. M., Singh, H., Haddad, H., Al-Ramahi, N. M., & Ali, M. A. (2022). Intellectual Capital and Firm Performance Correlation: The Mediation Role of Innovation Capability in Malaysian Manufacturing SMEs Perspective. Sustainability, 14(1), 154.                
Asikainen, H., Nieminen, J. H., Häsä, J., & Katajavuori, N. (2022). University students’ interest and burnout profiles and their relation to approaches to learning and achievement. Learning and Individual Differences, 93, 102105.    
Audrey, R. (2019). The influence of employee empowerment towards front office department job satisfaction at karibia boutique hotel, medan Universitas Pelita Harapan].        
Baer, M., Dane, E., & Madrid, H. (2020). Zoning out or Breaking Through? Linking Daydreaming to Creativity in the Workplace. Academy of Management Journal(ja).      
Balagué, L. (2021). Time of Daydreaming, Daydreaming of Time. Alkemie, 2021(27), 105-121.   
Barnes, C. M., Watkins, T., & Klotz, A. (2021). An exploration of employee dreams: The dream-based overnight carryover of emotional experiences at work. Sleep Health, 7(2), 191-197.                
Basheer, M. F., Saleem, M., Hameed, W. U., & Hassan, M. M. (2021). Employee Voice Determinants And Organizational Innovation: Does The Role Of Senior Manager Matter? Psychology and Education Journal, 58(3), 1624-1638.         
Begovic, J. (2019). Activity patterns of central amygdala neurons in a mouse model of narcolepsy               
Benjamin, L. (2020). Achieving the dream through a screen: Exploring employee engagement and commitment in virtual environments.          
Brien, D. L. (2020). Dreaming of Creativity: Imaging and Imagining the Creative Self in Memoir. M/C Journal, 23(1).             
Brown, L. J. (2018). Transformational processes in clinical psychoanalysis: dreaming, emotions and the present Moment. Routledge.
Bruno, C. (2022). Digitally Enhanced Creativity: Augmenting Creativity Through Digital Technologies. In Creativity in the Design Process (pp. 83-96). Springer.
Choi, S. H., McClintock, C. H.-Y., Lau, E., & Miller, L. (2022). The impact of perceived relationship to ancestors on the association between self-transcendence and psychopathology: A cross-cultural examination. Transcultural Psychiatry, 13634615211049072.          
Christoff, K., & Fox, K. C. (2018). The Oxford handbook of spontaneous thought: Mind-wandering, creativity, and dreaming. Oxford University Press.           
Clément, C. (2019). Dreamers. In Brain-Computer Interface Technologies (pp. 255-260). Springer.               
Conte, F., Cellini, N., De Rosa, O., Rescott, M. L., Malloggi, S., Giganti, F., & Ficca, G. (2021). The effects of sleep quality on dream and waking emotions. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(2), 431.
Dale, S. (2014). Gamification: Making work fun, or making fun of work? Business information review, 31(2), 82-90.               
De Clercq, D., Shu, C., & Gu, M. (2022). Overcoming organizational politics with tenacity and passion for work: benefits for helping behaviors. Personnel Review.
de Macêdo, T. C. F., Ferreira, G. H., de Almondes, K. M., Kirov, R., & Mota-Rolim, S. A. (2019). My dream, my rules: can lucid dreaming treat nightmares? Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 2618.            
Derfler-Rozin, R., Baker, B., & Gino, F. (2018). Compromised ethics in hiring processes? How referrers’ power affects employees’ reactions to referral practices. Academy of Management Journal, 61(2), 615-636.        
Domhoff, G. W. (2019). The neurocognitive theory of dreams at age 20: An assessment and a comparison with four other theories of dreaming. Dreaming, 29(4), 265.              
Duarte, B. A., Joseph, A.-L. C., Falcone, G., & Jerram, M. (2021). From daydreaming to dissociation: An exploratory study on the role of thought suppression and dissociation in fantasy prone individuals. Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice.
Edwards, D. (2008). Artscience: Creativity in the post-Google generation. Harvard University Press.              
El-Kassar, A.-N., Dagher, G. K., Lythreatis, S., & Azakir, M. (2022). Antecedents and consequences of knowledge hiding: The roles of HR practices, organizational support for creativity, creativity, innovative work behavior, and task performance. Journal of Business Research, 140, 1-10.    
Farnbach, S., Gee, G., Eades, A.-M., Evans, J. R., Fernando, J., Hammond, B., Simms, M., DeMasi, K., & Hackett, M. L. (2019). ‘We’re here to listen and help them as well’: a qualitative study of staff and Indigenous patient perceptions about participating in social and emotional wellbeing research at primary healthcare services. BMC psychiatry, 19(1), 1-12.       
Fazhari, S., & Rudianto, R. (2022). Influence of interpersonal communication of chairman and employees on employee performance Inna Parapat Hotel and Resort. COMMICAST, 3(1), 158-163.         
Ferreira, F., Lopes da Costa, R., Pereira, L., Jerónimo, C., & Dias, Á. (2018). The relationship between chemical of happiness, chemical of stress, leadership, motivation and organizational trust: A case study on Brazilian workers. The relationship between chemical of happiness, chemical of stress, leadership, motivation and organizational trust: a case study on Brazilian workers(2), 89-100.
Ford, V., & Swayze, S. (2022). Twenty-First Century Issues Impacting Turnover of IT Professionals: From Burnout and Turnover to Workplace Wellbeing. In Research Anthology on Changing Dynamics of Diversity and Safety in the Workforce (pp. 1784-1810). IGI Global.            
Fournier, C., Lambert, M., & Marion-Vernoux, I. (2020). What do Young Employees Dream of? Quality of Work, Career Aspirations and Desire for Mobility Among the Under 30s. Economie & Statistique(514-515-516), 113.              
Fraher, A. L., & Gabriel, Y. (2014). Dreaming of flying when grounded: Occupational identity and occupational fantasies of furloughed airline pilots. Journal of Management Studies, 51(6), 926-951.         
Góral, A. (2019). Idealists and dreamers: Struggling for more resilient communities via alternative organisations. In Organizing Hope. Edward Elgar Publishing.            
Greatwood, M. (2016). How to counter the growing disengagement with engagement programs: use “dream management”. Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal.   
Hashim, N. (2019). Sleep dreaming: the neuroscientific mapping of brain networks. Journal of Rehman Medical Institute, 5(3), 01-02.          
Heath, T., & Nixon, E. (2021). Immersive imaginative hedonism: Daydreaming as experiential ‘consumption’. Marketing Theory, 14705931211004665.                
Helin, J., Dahl, M., & Guillet de Monthoux, P. (2022). The power of daydreaming: the aesthetic act of a new beginning. Culture and Organization, 28(1), 64-78.
Herzberg, F. (2005). The motivation-hygiene theory. Organizational behavior one: Essential theories of motivation and leadership, eds JB Miner, ME Sharpe Inc, New York, 61-74.               
Holzinger, B., Saletu, B., & Klösch, G. (2020). Cognitions in sleep: Lucid dreaming as an intervention for nightmares in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. Frontiers in Psychology, 11.  
Hu, Q., Dollard, M. F., & Taris, T. W. (2022). Organizational context matters: Psychosocial safety climate as a precursor to team and individual motivational functioning. Safety science, 145, 105524.   
Hurtienne, M. W. (2022). Framing Your Future Through Employee Engagement. In Handbook of Research on Future of Work and Education: Implications for Curriculum Delivery and Work Design (pp. 94-110). IGI Global.    
Ivan, G., Carla, P., & Antonio, C.-M. J. (2019). Introducing gamification to increase staff involvement and motivation when conducting SPI initiatives in small-sized software enterprises. IET Software, 13(5), 456-465.          
Jhantasana, C. (2022). Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation for University Staff Satisfaction: Confirmatory Composite Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Asia Social Issues, 15(2), 249810-249810.     
Jung, C. G. (2012). The red book: A reader's edition. WW Norton & Company.   
Kirikutsa, E. G., Khromenko, A. V., Dudukalova, G. N., Dudukalov, V. V., & Grigorieva, O. L. (2022). Institutional Changes in the Peculiarities of the System of Motivation and Socio-psychological Climate of Interpersonal Relations of the Consumer Cooperation System. In Сooperation and Sustainable Development (pp. 317-324). Springer.           
Kizito, R. (2019). Is an Agenda for an Inclusivity Framework to Drive Transformation a Possibility or an Idealistic Dream? In Transformation of Higher Education Institutions in Post-Apartheid South Africa (pp. 53-65). Routledge.
Lai, G., Langevin, J.-P., Koek, R. J., Krahl, S. E., Bari, A. A., & Chen, J. W. (2020). Acute effects and the dreamy state evoked by deep brain electrical stimulation of the amygdala: associations of the amygdala in human dreaming, consciousness, emotions, and creativity. Frontiers in human neuroscience, 14, 61.                
Little, S. H. J. (2021). Factors that influence employee participation in workplace mental wellbeing initiatives: the role of leadership.    
Loor-Zambrano, H. Y., Santos-Roldán, L., & Palacios-Florencio, B. (2022). Relationship CSR and employee commitment: Mediating effects of internal motivation and trust. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 28(2), 100185.    
Lucas, B. J., & Mai, K. M. (2022). Illumination and elbow grease: A theory of how mental models of the creative process influence creativity. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 168, 104107.      
Lynn, S. J., Neufeld, V., Green, J. P., Sandberg, D., & Rhue, J. (2018). Daydreaming, fantasy, and psychopathology. In Hypnosis and imagination (pp. 67-98). Routledge.         
Maryati, T., & Kusumayuda, A. (2021). Empirical Study of Job Stress, Turnover Intention, and Job Involvement. 4th International Conference on Sustainable Innovation 2020-Accounting and Management (ICoSIAMS 2020),              
McGee, J. M. (2010). To Climb or Not to Climb: The Probing of Self-Imposed Barriers that Delay or Deny Career Aspirations to be an Administrator in a Public School System. Forum on Public Policy Online,       
Merlo, E. M., Sicari, F., Frisone, F., Alibrandi, A., & Settineri, S. (2020). Personality types and dreaming in future health professionals: Effect of age and gender. International Journal of Dream Research, 160-172.              
Merlo, K. L., Wiegand, K. E., Shaughnessy, S. P., Kuykendall, L. E., & Weiss, H. M. (2020). A qualitative study of daydreaming episodes at work. Journal of Business and Psychology, 35(2), 203-222.               
Michael, T. A. (2018). Creating new cultures: the contribution of Social Dreaming. In Social dreaming@ work (pp. 107-121). Routledge.          
Molofsky, M. (2021). The Mindbrain and Dreams: An Exploration of Dreaming, Thinking, and Artistic Creation, by Mark J. Blechner, Routledge, Abingdon and New York, 2018, 343 pp. In: Springer.
Moring, A. (2022). Artificial Intelligence and Employee Motivation. In AI on The Job (pp. 93-100). Springer.             
Murthy, V. (2019). Management graduates' metaphors for expectations through dream jobs. International Journal of Management Concepts and Philosophy, 12(4), 433-447.             
Oeser, F. (2018). Social dreaming to creativity. In The Creativity of Social Dreaming (pp. 9-23). Routledge.                
Palanica, A., & Fossat, Y. (2022). Effects of nature virtual backgrounds on creativity during videoconferencing. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 43, 100976.               
Paraschi, E. P., Georgopoulos, A., & Papanikou, M. (2022). Safety and security implications of crisis-driven austerity HRM practices in commercial aviation: A structural equation modelling approach. Safety science, 147, 105570.                
Parasuraman, B., Kelly, D., & Rathakrishnan, B. (2021). Employee participation in the private sector in Malaysia: The Applicability of Favourable Conjunctures Model. Asean Marketing Journal, 1(2), 3.                
Polyakova, O. (2020). Features of Professional Reflection of Social Workers with Professional Deformations. Contemporary Problems of Social Work, 6(2), 112-118.
POZANTI, M. S., AYDIN, O. A., & Kaptanoğlu, A. (2022). Burnout and Intention to Leave A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between in Turkey. International Journal of Health Administration and Education Congress (Sanitas Magisterium),
Reinoso-Suárez, F., De Andrés, I., Rodrigo-Angulo, M., De la Roza, C., Nuñez, A., & Garzón, M. (2022). The anatomy of dreaming, and REM sleep. European Journal of Anatomy, 3(3), 163-175.                
Scalabrini, A., Esposito, R., & Mucci, C. (2021). Dreaming the unrepressed unconscious and beyond: repression vs dissociation in the oneiric functioning of severe patients. Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process, and Outcome, 24(2).           
Scarpelli, S., Alfonsi, V., Gorgoni, M., Giannini, A. M., & De Gennaro, L. (2021). Investigation on neurobiological mechanisms of dreaming in the new decade. Brain Sciences, 11(2), 220.      
Sepulveda, G., Castillo, S., De La Lima, M., & Wanis, C. (2021). Uplifting Dreamers & Undocumented Student Voices at SCU.             
Serpe, A., & DeCicco, T. (2020). An investigation into anxiety and depression in dream imagery: The issue of co-morbidity. International Journal of Dream Research, 82-89.          
Shih, H.-A., & Nguyen, T.-V. (2022). Effects of leader-follower congruence in humor on employee creativity: a broaden and build theory approach. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 1-12.
Silaen, S. H. Y., Afrilianto, M., & Noor, A. H. (2021). EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT THROUGH DREAM (Digital Room For E-Learning Modules) APPLICATION TRAINING BASED ON E-LEARNING AT BANK BTN CIMAHI BRANCH. EMPOWERMENT: Jurnal Ilmiah Program Studi Pendidikan Luar Sekolah, 10(2), 149-159.     
Silva, R. (2022). THE INFLUENCE OF EMOTIONAL EXHAUSTION, JOB SATISFACTION, AND TURNOVER INTENTION ON AUDITING PROFESSIONALS'PERFORMANCE. Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal, 28, 1-15.        
Soffer-Dudek, N., & Somer, E. (2018). Trapped in a daydream: Daily elevations in maladaptive daydreaming are associated with daily psychopathological symptoms. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 9, 194.         
Sperling, R., Henley, D., Aisen, P. S., Raman, R., Donohue, M. C., Ernstrom, K., Rafii, M. S., Streffer, J., Shi, Y., & Karcher, K. (2021). Findings of efficacy, safety, and biomarker outcomes of atabecestat in preclinical Alzheimer disease: A truncated randomized phase 2b/3 clinical trial. JAMA neurology, 78(3), 293-301.
Stankovic, M., Papp, L., Ivánkovits, L., Lázár, G., Pető, Z., & Töreki, A. (2022). Psychological immune competency predicts burnout syndrome among the high-risk healthcare staff: A cross-sectional study. International Emergency Nursing, 60, 101114.   
Stumbrys, T. (2018). Lucid nightmares: A survey of their frequency, features, and factors in lucid dreamers. Dreaming, 28(3), 193.      
Stumbrys, T., & Daunytė, V. (2018). Visiting the land of dream muses: The relationship between lucid dreaming and creativity. International Journal of Dream Research, 11(2), 207-212.
Thanh Hai, D. (2021). Vietnam and China: ideological bedfellows, strange dreamers. Journal of Contemporary East Asia Studies, 1-21.          
To, C. N. (2022). Increasing Autonomous Motivation through Needs Satisfaction Daily Diaries American University].             
Tolsma, S. S. (2019). DREAMERS, VISIONARIES, AND REVOLUTIONARIES IN THE LIFE SCIENCES. Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith, 71(4), 260-262.
Tussing, D. V., Wihler, A., Astandu, T. V., & Menges, J. I. (2022). Should I stay or should I go? The role of individual strivings in shaping the relationship between envy and avoidance behaviors at work. Journal of Organizational Behavior.          
Vallat, R., Eichenlaub, J.-B., Nicolas, A., & Ruby, P. (2018). Dream recall frequency is associated with medial prefrontal cortex white-matter density. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1856.  
Van Vianen, A. E., Van Laethem, M., Leineweber, C., & Westerlund, H. (2022). Work changes and employee age, maladaptive coping expectations, and well-being: a Swedish cohort study. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-14.    
Vardarlier, P. (2021). Gamification in human resources management: An agenda suggestion for gamification in HRM. Research Journal of Business and Management, 8(2), 129-139.            
von Klitzing, K. (2018). Dreams and narratives in the developmental process: Dreaming as perceived in developmental psychology and neurobiology. In Dream and Fantasy in Child Analysis (pp. 111-123). Routledge.        
Whitney, T. (2020). VLSI and Beyond: The Dream of Impact, Creating Technology with Inclusive Cultures. In Women in Microelectronics (pp. 187-199). Springer.
Yi, X., Li, X., Ma, X., & Li, F. (2022). The relationship between occupational stress and job burnout in coal miners: Interactions between GCCR and SLC6A4 gene polymorphisms and the environment. Journal of Affective Disorders, 297, 76-82.
Yu, C. K.-C., & Wong, S.-S. (2020). Lucid dreaming as a correlate of locus of control and resilience. Dreaming, 30(1), 19.        
Zanabazar, A., & Jigjiddorj, S. (2022). Relationships between mental workload, job burnout, and organizational commitment. SHS Web of Conferences,
Zhang, H., Wang, X., Li, H., Mehendale, S., & Guan, Y. (2021). Auto-annotating sleep stages based on polysomnographic data. Patterns, 100371. 

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics